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In contrast to conventional MS methods like Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy (CEMS), which measure hyperfine interactions via incoherent processes like resonance fluorescence or internal conversion, NRS harnesses the coherent superposition of scattering probability amplitudes from an ensemble of nuclei simultaneously excited by a synchrotron radiation pulse. NRS exploits synchrotron radiation to effectively perform the Fourier transform of MS from the energy domain into the time domain. Unlike the mono-energetic γ-radiation from a radioactive source, synchrotron radiation is energetically broad and emitted in pulses lasting 50 – 100 ps. These pulses simultaneously excite all hyperfine-split resonances in the sample. As the excited nuclei undergo coherent decay, the interference of emitted waves generates a temporal beat pattern, akin to the beats of slightly-detuned tuning forks. From this pattern, the hyperfine interaction parameters of the sample’s nuclei can be deduced.
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